This research sought to know the reality of small pig slaughterhouses, and its main objective was to analyze the liquid effluent treatment systems adopted by the small pig slaughterhouses located in the municipality of Chapecó-SC. It was necessary to identify the adopted treatment systems, to verify possible impacts caused by liquid effluents generated in the process, to specify the effective actions to minimize the environmental impacts caused by the generation of effluents and to evaluate whether the current structure, methods and procedures comply with the current legislation. This research is characterized as descriptive. The sample used includes six small slaughterhouses, located in the city of Chapecó-SC. For data collection, the semi-structured interview was used, carried out by the authors in visits "in loco". For the analysis of the data the descriptive approach was used. The main results are knowledge about the adopted systems (physical and biological), the structures of the systems, with tanks and boxes of sand and stone, as well as ponds of treatment, risks and impacts, as well as actions that companies adopt to mitigate them. Also worthy of note is the relation of the current situation of the treatment systems adopted by the companies with the relevant legislation.