Agricultural activity, in general, has significant importance to the Brazilian economy. Understanding climate variability and changes in the growing region is necessary for a healthy grain yield. Air temperature and precipitation are the main variables responsible for changes in these patterns. Therefore, a proper comprehension of the impacts caused by these changes in crops can help farmers carry out healthy and sustainable agricultural activities. Thus, this study aims to elaborate an agricultural calendar for small farmers in the municipality of Cachoeiras de Macacu, Rio de Janeiro, to help them plan and manage different crops in the field and the optimal use of water resources according to the elaborated calendar. To this end, the following steps were performed: calculation of water surplus and deficit and agroclimatic suitability for the municipality of Cachoeiras de Macacu in the state of Rio de Janeiro; elaboration of a sustainable agricultural calendar for cultivating and planting annual and perennial crops produced in the region; and calculation of agroclimatic risk for crops to guide them regarding the risk associated with water availability. Preliminary results showed that the most favorable crops from the suitability viewpoint were açaí, onion, guava, and corn.
Keywords: Agroclimatic Simulation; Agroclimatic Risk; Cachoeiras de Macacu.