The economic growth of a country is directly linked to the growth of several sectors, especially the industrial sector, in which the Civil Construction follow-up is highlighted. In this conjecture, the main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the growth of the civil construction industry in Brazil and its productivity costs in the period from 2000 to 2016. Two quantitative methodologies were adopted: the linear correlation method of Pearson and the ordinary least squares estimator. The database was composed of information collected by the Institute of Applied Economic Research (Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada – IPEA) and the Brazilian Chamber of Construction Industry (Câmara Brasileira da Indústria da Construção – CBIC). The main results indicate that: i) no valid statistical evidence has been established that proves any direct or indirect relation of the costs with the growth rates of the sector; ii) as expected, it was found that the main determinant of the construction industry are investments. The main limitations faced in the present research refer to problems of variables omitted in the proposed estimates, whether due to errors in measurement and / or unavailability of information. In turn, the relevance of works of this nature stands out, since they make possible the construction of more effective public and private policies with the purpose of developing the sector. It is worth mentioning that there is undeniable absence of research with the approach addressed.